[Biology Form 4] Cell Structure & Organisation

1. Study the diagrams below. Identify the structures or organelles (A – J) and complete the following table.

	Name of organelle / structure	Function	Consequence if absent
A	Rough endoplasmic reticulum	Transporting proteins	No transportation of proteins
B	Mitochondrion	Site for energy production	Energy cannot be produced
C	Cell wall	Give fixed shape to the cell	Have irregular shape (eg. Animal cell)
D	Smooth endoplasmic reticulum	Transport lipid and glyserol	Lipid and glycerol cannot be transport
E	Nucleus	Control cell activities, contains genetic material.	No cell division, all cell activities stop.
F	Vacuole	Storing nutrients (sugar and amino acid) in its sap.	Cannot store nutrients
G	Cytoplasm	Food storage, medium for metabolic reaction	No site for metabolic reaction
H	Plasma membrane	Controlling entry and exit of substances	No selective barrier
I	Lysosomes	Releases enzymes outside the cell.	No enzymes being released
J	Chloroplast	Carries out photosynthesis	Photosynthesis cannot occur
	Golgi apparatus	Storing and transporting lipids. Produces glycoprotein, polysaccharide and secretory enzyme.

2. Give two differences between animal and plant cell
Any two differences: Cell wall, Vacuole, Centriole, Storage granule, Chloroplast

3.
a) What is cell specialization?
Cell changes in structure or function in order to carry out a specific function.

b) How are cells organised into a multicellular organism?
Cell --> Tissue --> Organ --> System --> Organism

c) Give an example of each type of cell organization in human.
Epithelium Cell --> Epithelium Tissue --> Stomach --> Digestive System --> Human